MediaWiki API result

This is the HTML representation of the JSON format. HTML is good for debugging, but is unsuitable for application use.

Specify the format parameter to change the output format. To see the non-HTML representation of the JSON format, set format=json.

See the complete documentation, or the API help for more information.

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"*": "[[Image:Title_About_ReActiveMicro.svg|512px|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/7/71/Title_About_ReActiveMicro.svg]]\n\nReActiveMicro is a subsidiary of the ReActiveCorporation, founded in January 1991 by Henry S. Courbis.\nReactiveMicro is fully ISO 3533:2021 certified.\n \n== The Name: ReActive ==\nWhy the name ReActive? As the fields of Chemistry and Physics state: ReActivity belongs to the Fundamental Forces, disposed or inclined to participate readily in interactions. Reference \u2018Active\u2018 and its synonyms in the dictionary and they state: Always being Active, ProActively assessing situations and new technologies, constantly exploring new ideas and areas for growth, always on the move and never being at rest. We\u2019re Actively at it\u2026 again: ReActive!\n\n\n== History ==\nReActive started as Interactive Business Systems, Inc. (IBS) in January 1991 and mainly focused on custom written accounting software and IT hardware support and networking for small and medium sized companies.\n\nAfter selling his half of IBS in February 1993 Henry co-founded D&S Technologies, Inc. which was IT service and hardware based, and focused less on custom written software. In July of 1994 Henry bought out his business partner, becoming full owner, and changed the company name to Reactive Computers. This was the official beginning of ReActive as it is known today. ReActive Computers currently holds the record for longest surviving, single owner, IT Support company based in NJ (17 years).\n\nHenry retired from IT work in December of 2007.\n\n\n== Locations ==\nIn the early years ReActive was primarily based in Southern New Jersey. They quickly expanded up and down the North East corridor of the United States. Their client base ranged as far west as Lancaster, PA, as far north as Rhode Island and as far south as Delaware. In New Jersey they have had offices in Pennsauken, West Deptford, Piscataway, Mount Laurel, Marlton, Atlantic Highlands, Highlands, Middletown, Mantua, Cherry Hill, Moorestown, and Maple Shade. In Pennsylvania they have had offices in Millersville, Lancaster, and Ephrata.\n\nThe concept of ReActive's IT Service model was not limited to or operated from any specific location. They always believed in working together with other companies rather than compete, and often times would share locations with clients or partner companies.\n\nWith Parallel Partnerships throughout the tri-state area ReActive and their partners were able to benefit from marketing and PR as a group, which proved quite formidable to their competition. Most times if a competitor didn't outright go out of business in the first year they would usually ask to join the ReActive Network.\n\nMembers would broker extra work, be able to quickly find assistance with larger jobs knowing they could bid on work far outside their own capabilities, and most importantly not directly compete when bidding on open projects or State work. These benefits generally gave Network members an advantage.\n\nAlthough the concept was quite fruitful for almost 5 years, Henry found it was relatively exhaustive to manage daily, 7 days a week, and keep communication running smoothly between all Network members. In the end several members consolidated and Henry decided it was time to take a break from the IT sector.\n\n\n== ReActiveMicro Past and Present ==\nIn July of 2005 Henry founded ReActiveMicro which produces designs for 8bit and 16bit computers, primarily within the Apple II family.\n\nFor a brief time in mid-2005 to mid-2006 ReActiveMicro was partnered with Gerber Street Enterprises operated by Bill Garber. Items from this period were branded as \"GSE-Reactive\".\n\nIn 2007 Henry started to collaborate with Anthony Martino who then founded UltimateApple2.com.\n\nIn late 2011 Henry put ReActiveMicro on \"hold\" to peruse more pressing business opportunities. In mid-February 2014 Henry returned full time to ReActiveMicro. During the restart-up process Henry temporary merged with UltimateApple2 so he could concentrate more on restarting projects than worrying about Store related activities, websites, and user support. \n\nIn 2015 Henry and Anthony started a new brand called [https://www.ultimateapple2.com/?page_id=251 \"Ultimate-Micro.com\"] (UM) based on the \"Ultimate\" from UltimateApple2, and \"Micro\" from ReActiveMicro. This is to better identify collaborative projects as most people thought the projects were coming from ReActiveMicro. With Ultimate-Micro Henry mainly handles design work, and Anthony mainly runs the Store. Both perform project alpha testing and user support. All UM projects are sold through the UltimateApple2.com Store which is solely managed by Anthony although Henry does have some say in pricing.\n\nIn mid-July 2016 at KFEST Henry announced that from this point forward he would be releasing more projects under his own \"ReActiveMicro\" brand now that the new Store and Wiki websites have been fully setup. Collaborative projects would still happen under the Ultimate-Micro brand, but to a lesser degree than in the past year and half. Several UM projects such as the Universal PSU Kit and RAMWorks IIII Kit would migrate to ReActiveMicro, and Henry's involvement in Ultimate-Micro projects would lessen and become secondary. The move to more solo ReActiveMicro projects and activity is due to Henry's working full-time at ReActiveMicro and needing a more stable and a larger source of income. ReActiveMicro projects are 100% Henry's where as UM projects need to have any profits split. So moving to more solo ReActiveMicro projects is just a logical business decision when doing business full time and income is critical.\n\n\n==Copyrights and License==\nCopyright and Trademark Notice - See the [[License]] and [[The_ReActiveMicro_Apple_II_Wiki:Copyrights]] pages for all details.\n\n\n== Authorized Distributor / Partnerships ==\nSince mid-2016 ReActiveMicro has started to Actively court other designers in the effort to help bring more products to the Community. Most designers quickly become overwhelmed with business logistics and only sell their projects for a limited time, word of mouth, or to close friends. ReActiveMicro is the longest lived Apple II distributor and can use their extensive resources to help designers in many ways. The designer can be as involved or removed as they like. ReActiveMicro can simply resell a design, or take it over and have it assembled and sold where the designer simply receives a payment when an item sells. \"Taking over a project\" can be something as simple as just having it produced, to a full rework and relayout to fix issues or reduce costs.\n\n*2005-2006 - Gerber Street Enterprises: Collaborative efforts with Bill Garber\n\n*2006-Current - ///SHH Systeme: Authorized Distributor / Reseller\n\n*2007-Current Ultimate-Micro.com/UltimateApple2.com: Collaborative efforts with Anthony Martino\n\n*2010-Current - [http://philosophyofsound.com PhilosophyOfSound.com]: Authorized Distributor / Reseller, Collaborative efforts with Tom Arnold\n\n*April 2017-Current - [http://reactivemicro.com/wiki/Manila_Gear#Collaborative_Efforts_With_ReActiveMicro Manilla Gear]: Authorized Distributor / Reseller\n\n*April 2017-Current - UltraWarp - Michael Mengel: Authorized Distributor / Reseller\n\n*May 2017-Current - [http://www.glitchwrks.com Glitchworks]: Authorized Distributor / Reseller (linking items from RM Store to assist with sales)\n\n*November 2017-Current - [http://brielcomputers.com Briel Computers]: Authorized Distributor / Reseller\n\n*July 2018-Current - option8 / RetroConnector: Authorized Distributor / Reseller\n\n*October 2020-Current - [https://https://theromexchange.com JD Micro / The ROM Exchange]: Authorized Distributor / Reseller\n\n*January 2021-Current - [https://shop.dreher.net/ R&D Automation]: Authorized Distributor / Reseller\n\n*January 2021-Current - [http://8bitreality.com CraftyMech]: Authorized Distributor / Reseller\n\n*June 2021-Current - [https://lukazisloot.blogspot.com Lukazi's Loot]: Authorized Distributor / Reseller\n\n\n== KFEST ==\nHenry has attended KFEST for the following years: \n[https://downloads.reactivemicro.com/Media/2007/KFEST/ 2007] \n[https://downloads.reactivemicro.com/Media/2008/KFEST/ 2008] \n[https://downloads.reactivemicro.com/Media/2009/KFEST/ 2009] \n[https://downloads.reactivemicro.com/Media/2010/KFEST/ 2010] \n[https://downloads.reactivemicro.com/Media/2015/KFEST/ 2015] \n[[KFEST 2016|2016]] \n[https://downloads.reactivemicro.com/Media/2017/KFEST/ 2017] \n[https://downloads.reactivemicro.com/Media/2018/KFEST/ 2018] \n\n\n== Accolades ==\nWhile attending KFEST 2015 Henry was awarded the \"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KansasFest#Apple_II_Forever_awards Apple II Forever Award]\" on July 17th for his work as a hardware developer and service to the Apple II Community.\n\n\n== Interviews ==\n* On July 23rd, 2023 Jarrod Kailef from [https://www.oldschoolgamermagazine.com/ OldSchoolGamerMagazine.com] did an interview with Henry about ReActiveMicro and its history. It was published in [[media:2023-09_-_0ldSchoolGamerMagazine_-_Issue_36_-_Small-wiki.pdf|issue #36, September 2023]].\n* During KFEST 2016 (about July 21st) Henry was interviewed by attendee Mike Whalen who compiled audio for diary of events called \"Week of The KFest\" which became [http://www.open-apple.net/?powerpress_pinw=932-podcast Open Apple podcast, episode #65.5]. The audio with Henry starts about 52:10 and ends about 57:35. \n* Also during this KFEST [https://www.cultofmac.com/439258/kansasfest-solder-session-proves-theres-fun-in-melting-metal/ David Pierini from KFEST Cult of Mac] interviewed Henry during SolderFEST. The interview also made it in to the \"The Cult of Mac, 2nd Edition\" book in Kindle and Hardback.\n\n* On January 10th, 2016 Henry was interviewed for the [http://www.open-apple.net/2016/01/31/show-055-henry-courbis-ultimatemicro-prodps-conversions/ Open Apple podcast, episode #55]. The episode was released on January 31st. Henry talks about his Apple II history, some nefarious activities and experiences, about projects he's worked on and several in development.\n\n* In May 2008 Henry was interviewed by [https://juiced.gs/index/v13/i2/ Juice.GS] which appeared in Volume 13, Issue 2. He is featured on the cover of the magazine dressed in a racing track suite on his 1989 Yamaha YX600 Radian.\n\n== ReActiveMicro's Project Versioning Scheme ==\nHardware versioning is the process of assigning unique version numbers to unique states of computer hardware. Within a given version number category (major, minor), these numbers are generally assigned in increasing order and correspond to new developments in the project. At a fine-grained level, revision control is often used for keeping track of incrementally different versions of electronic information.\n\nComputer hardware is often tracked using two different versioning schemes \u2014 an internal version number that may be incremented many times in a single day, such as a revision control number, and a released version that typically changes far less often.\n\nPrevious to 2015 all ReActiveMicro projects had a major and minor revision number, separated by a decimal point, even for internal revisions. For example: v1.0. This lead to some confusion as projects could skip minor versions in between official releases. For example: v1.0, then v1.4 could be released skipping 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3.\n\nIn 2015 Henry of ReActiveMicro decided to start using a two decimal revisioning number system in the effort to reduce possible confusion. There is now a major, minor, and internal revision number that is used. For example, released v1.0 could really be v1.0.24. However only ReActiveMicro design team members would know the actual internal revision number, and only the major and minor revision numbers would ever be printed on the PCB Silkscreen layers or refereed to in documentation and support forums. Some Beta Testers however may be told the internal revision number if it is pertinent to their testing or notes. However the internal revision number is not considered confidential information.\n\nHenry has also been known to note the full project's version number, including the internal revision number suffix, on the PCB's copper layers along with a design date and layout credit. This is mainly done for internal tracking, confirmation, and stock control.\n\n*All versions start at \"1.0.0\" and will increment in the positive direction.\n*Major revisions consist of inception or complete relayout of a design. If the basis of the circuit doesn't change, then neither does the major revision.\n*Minor revisions consist of edits, partial relayouts, or changes to a design requiring a new PCB to be produced.\n*Internal revisions are only used by ReActiveMicro design team members. They consist of daily edits and project branches.\n\n\nPart of the versioning process is also the development phases. These consist of Proof of Concept, Alpha, Beta, and Production. Only Production has a \"standard\" versioning scheme as laid out above.\n*Proof of Concept consists of basic testing to ensure a project is viable. Any doubts as to what is possible or coding issue are worked out in this phase. Things are usually a mess a wires based on an existing board or a Breadboard. A breadboard would not have a version number. A PCB layout would be labeled as \"Project v1.PoC.1\" for example, or instead of the full \"PoC\" sometimes just \"P\". The first decimal denoting the project revision. The second decimal denoting the phase. And the last decimal denoting a version.\n*Alpha is the next phase which usually consists of a trial PCB layout as a more formal test bed. This phase is also a test of component selection and locations. Several Alpha layouts could be made before moving on. A label would be applied as \"Project v1.Alpha.1\" for example, or instead of the full \"Alpha\" sometimes just \"A\". The first decimal denoting the project revision. The second decimal denoting the phase. And the last decimal denoting a version.\n*Beta phase is a cleaner version of the Alpha layout and has little if any mods or fly-wires. Beta boards are sent to developers and testers for a final round of testing outside the ReActiveMicro labs. Any mods or fixes are finalized and added to Production layout. A label would be applied as \"Project v1.Beta.1\" for example, or instead of the full \"Beta\" sometimes just \"B\". The first decimal denoting the project revision. The second decimal denoting the phase. And the last decimal denoting a version.\n*Production boards are the final step in the development process and are released to the Community for sale. Sometimes Beta or Production boards are used as a Proof of Concept platform for the next version of the project. Standard version labels would be applied as stated above.\n\n\n== ReActiveMicro's Wiki ==\nOn May 28th, 2016 Henry started work on a long term business goal which is to better support the Apple II Community with The ReActiveMicro Wiki. He loaded WikiMedia on the ReActiveMicro Web Server and started the process of creating pages and uploading pictures.\n\nThe concept of the ReActiveMicro Wiki is to help disseminate the history of ReActiveMicro and the projects Henry has worked on. He has built upon the work of others and created his own projects from scratch. He hopes one day someone will continue the chain by building upon his work and possibly achieve a form of \"Geek Immortality\" so coveted by those who value open source projects and the sharing of information.\n\nThe Wiki is a place where behind the scenes pictures can be shared with some context related to their projects. And a place where visitors can share information, write their own How-To pages, find support, and manage things by themselves. One of the goals behind the Wiki is to bring value to the Apple II Community, grow in to something self-sufficient, and take on a life of its own.\n\n\n==ID and Security Stickers==\nOn January 23rd, 2020 ReActiveMicro achieved a goal of moving to a more professional labeling system. This was achieved by using a holographic security solution. All projects sold will be labeled with at least a date code. And most platform specific projects or ROMs will be labeled with a \"II\" or \"IIGS\". This will make IDing a board or ROM much more simple for the user, and allow ReActiveMicro to better track items such as those returned for repair.\n\n\n== RM Desktop Wallpapers HD ==\n<gallery class=\"center\" widths=300px>\nFile:RM_Mockingboard_Small_Case.jpg|4096x2304 |link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/6/6c/RM_Mockingboard_Small_Case.jpg\nFile:RM_Ramworks_IIII.jpg|4096x2304K |link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/5/52/RM_Ramworks_IIII.jpg\nFile:RM_Phasor_v2.jpg|4096x2304K |link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/1/1a/RM_Phasor_v2.jpg\nFile:RM_Mockingboard_1985.jpg|4096x2304K |link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/a/a8/RM_Mockingboard_1985.jpg\nFile:RM_MicroDrive_Turbo.jpg|4096x2304K |link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/6/6b/RM_MicroDrive_Turbo.jpg\nFile:ReActiveMicro.jpg|4096x2304 |link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/b/b0/ReActiveMicro.jpg\n</gallery>"
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"*": "[[Image:Title_Replica_1_plus.svg|700px|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/2/2a/Title_Replica_1_plus.svg]]\n\n\n[[Image:Replica_One-Object.png|thumb|RM Replica 1 Plus|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/b/ba/Replica_One-Object.png ]]\n\nThe ReActiveMicro Replica 1 was created by Vince Briel of [http://www.brielcomputers.com BrielComputers.com] in 2003 with the more advanced Replica 1 Plus being created in mid 2014. Briel Computers specialized in retro hobby computer kits. They started in 2003 with a replica of the first Apple Computer, the Apple 1. Briel Computers focused on developing computer kits and boards like those you could purchase in the 1970\u2032s and early 80\u2032s.\n\nAs of 2015 Briel Computers ceast operations and stopped accepting orders. \nIn September 2017, ReActiveMicro contacted Vince about reproducing the Replica 1 Plus and it was once again made available for sale by ReActiveMicro.\n\n\nProduct Status: Actively sold by ReActiveMicro.\n\nSupport: Post on the [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]] page (link above) or email [https://www.reactivemicro.com/contact-us/ ReActiveMicro Support]. The [http://www.brielcomputers.com/phpBB3/index.php Briel Computers forums] also hold a wealth of information.\n\nSales: Visit the [https://www.reactivemicro.com/shop/ ReActiveMicro Store].\n\n\n==Kit Assembly==\nThe parts included with your Replica 1 kit and the PCB have basic labels. Those with intermediate knowledge should have little trouble assembling the kit from just these labels. The image of the Replica 1 can also be used for reference or to help determine orientation.\n<center>[[Image:Replica_One_Plus_-_v1.0.0_-1-Wiki.jpg|450px|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/b/ba/Replica_One-Object.png]]</center>\n\n\nThe manual also has the full assembly instructions. See chapter 4, page 12.\n<div class=\"new_window\">\n<gallery class=\"center\" widths=150px heights=80>\nFile:PDF_ICON.svg|Manual And Assembly Guide|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/7/73/Replica_One_Plus_Manual_-_June_2014.pdf\n</gallery>\n</div>\n\nTo assemble your kit we recommend adding parts in groups and then soldering them. This will be the fastest way to assemble the kit rather than adding one part at a time then soldering it.\n* Start with the small passive parts like caps and resistors. Some of the location labels will be hard to see if you start with the sockets or other parts. Each time a part is added you can simply bend over a leg on each side to help hold the part to the PCB which allows the board to be turned over and prevents parts from falling out. It is most simple to load all the parts in groups and then solder and clip the legs as needed.\n* Once the passive parts are installed next should be the IC sockets. When a socket is loaded on the board bending the corner pins of the sockets helps hole it to the PCB which allows group loading and soldering. The sockets are all the same thickness. So if you solder on a flat surface then this will also help hold all the sockets flat to the PCB and give a more uniform appearance when completed. '''Be sure ALL pin 1 'notches' '''are facing the correct way! See the silk screen markings on the PCB to ensure the correct orientation.\n* End with the larger parts, like jacks, the large cap, and the header pins. Don't bend over the jack legs or pin legs as they will be too stiff. The jack's legs are prebent also which should help hold it to the PCB. The rest you may need to hold the parts in place as you solder a few pins before you can group solder.\n\n{{#ev:youtube|zMMRlV3yluU|400|center|Joe Strosnider - Joe's Computer Museum: Replica 1 Assembly and Hangout|frame}}\nOn July 19th, 2020 Joe Strosnider posted a build video of the Replica 1 Kit. A good vid to review before building your kit! We highly recommend watching it before starting your kit as well as fully reviewing this Wiki page.\n\n'''A good loupe (magnifying glass) is recommended for helping identify and confirm parts, like the markings on some small caps. It also helps with solder joint inspection. An illuminated 40 x 25mm and a 35 x 50mm loupe are well worth the investment and can be had for about $10 each on eBay.'''\n\nSome care needs to be taken when installing capacitors and diodes.\n\nIf your kit includes Aluminum or Tantalum capacitors, or \"caps\" for short, then be sure to install them in the correct orientation. The PCB will be clearly marked with \"+\" signs for all cap locations when the orientation of the part matters, or a polarized part is normally used. Sometimes a non-polarized part is used in place of a polarized one and then its orientation does not matter. However install a polarized cap backwards and you will damage it. An Aluminum Electrolytic will have a strip pointing to the NEGATIVE end lead. A Tantalum Electrolytic will generally have a marking or stripe to denote (not always pointing to) the POSITIVE lead.\n* Install the 10uF Aluminum caps at locations C17 and C27. Be sure to install correctly as they are polarized.\n\nAll caps will have value markings on them. \"106\" is 10uF, and \"104\" is .1uF. 10uF is also typically physically larger than .1uF. This should help identify the ceramic caps in the kit. They along with the Electrolytic caps can also clearly be seen in the assembled pic above.\n* Install a 47pF cap at location \"C3 (COLOR TRIM)\". This can be from any of the two pads on the right to the one pad on the left.\n\nA diode also has a marking on it, and needs to be installed correctly as it only allows current to flow in one direction. Install it backwards and you won't usually damage it, however the circuit will no longer operate as intended. They can also clearly be seen in the assembled pic above.\n* Install the diode at location CR1. Be sure to install with the line side down (towards the \"A\" row).\n\n\n'''Show below are example illustrations of different caps, a diode, and their related markings.'''\n\n<gallery class=\"center\" widths=400px heights=250px>\nFile:Caps_Chart.svg|Caps Markings|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/d/d1/Caps_Chart.svg\nFile:Diode_Anatomy.svg|Diode Markings|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/e/e9/Diode_Anatomy.svg\n</gallery>\n\n\nYour kit also includes resistors. They should be the less precise \"4 band\" style which are typically 5% tolerance. You can also use the more precise \"5 band\" style which are typically 1% tolerance. Here are some charts on how to read them to help make matching locations on your PCB more easy.\n\n<gallery class=\"center\" widths=400px heights=400px>\nFile:4_Band_Resistor_Chart.svg|4-band Resistor Markings|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/8/85/4_Band_Resistor_Chart.svg\nFile:5_Band_Resistor_Chart.svg|5-band Resistor Markings|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/2/29/5_Band_Resistor_Chart.svg\n</gallery>\n\n==Programming And Source Code==\nThe most current source code for the Replica 1 is [https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/7/7c/2019-04-28_-_Replica_1_-_JGK_Firmware.rar here]. You can find older versions on [http://www.brielcomputers.com/wordpress/?cat=13 Briel Computers's Downloads page]. Users are encouraged to edit and tinker with the project, and experiment with coding and how the Replica 1 systems work. ReActiveMicro will also help implement any hardware changes needed in new board and circuit revisions. As new software becomes available we will host it here or add links to user's pages and repositories.\n\nPowering the Replica l and programming the Propeller microcontroller requires a standard USB-A to Micro-USB cable. A serial console connection to FT232R board can also be established via the same cable.\n\nAll Replica 1 assembled or kit units from ReActiveMicro will come fully programmed and tested. No further programming will be needed unless you request a \"blank\" unit. The steps to programming the Replica 1 are as follows:\n# If you have a blank 27128 ROM start by first programming it. All boards from ReActiveMicro come with programmed ROMs.\n# Install [https://www.parallax.com/downloads/propeller-p8x32a-software P8X32A Propeller Tools]. Run the program.\n# Make sure the FT232R's (small USB board) micro-switch is set to 5V (left side).\n# To test that the Propeller Tool sees the Replica 1:\n##Connect Replica 1 to PC with USB cable. (If Windows: Driver will install).\n##Turn on Replica 1.\n##In Propeller Tool click \"Run\" menu, then \"Identify Hardware...\".\n##It should report \"Propeller chip version 1 found on COMx\".\n#To load firmware:\n##Click on File menu, then \"Open\".\n##Open the Replica 1's firmware folder and select the file \"110REV03.spin\".\n##Click on the \"Run\" menu, then \"Compile Current\", then \"Load EEPROM\".\n#If you DID NOT get an error message the firmware is programmed. Done!\n\n==Screen Noise Issue==\nA few users have reported every few seconds a \"/\" appears on their screen followed by a linefeed. This renders any data entry impossible. The issue isn't present when connected to a PC, or sometimes when the Replica 1 is powered on while the motherboard is sitting on pink ESD foam. This is mainly due to the fact the Replica 1 is being powered by a PSU with an isolated ground. Meaning the ground or common is NOT connected to the PSU's ground. So the Replica 1 acts like an antenna.\n\nThere are several options to resolve this issue. First, confirm the noise issue is related to an isolated ground issue. Simplest is to power the Replica 1 using a USB cable to a computer or laptop. These should supply a good ground. Another option wold be using a jumper wire/clip to connect the Replica 1 to ground. If the noise goes away and you can enter commands using the keyboard reliably then isolated ground is your issue.\n\nOther noise related issues could be needing the newest firmware: [[#Programming And Source Code|Reprogram the Replica 1 with the most current firmware]]. If this doesn't work try adding a 100k resistor to the USB module as pictured below. And if there is still noise then add a .1uF cap (100nF) to Pin28 of the Micro Controller to either Ground or +5v. The resistor and cap fix work for either firmware. However the firmware is usually the first thing to try since it's usually the simplest for most users.\n\nIt's simplest to reprogram the Replica 1, however we found that installing a 100k resistor on the Tx data line to the Propeller as a hardware fix as opposed to a software fix resolved the issue. As little as 10k can be used for +3.3v pullup, but anything smaller risks damage to the FTDI module. 100k is much safer in all regards. This helps hold the data line high. It seems the RX line is held high by default. And both lines are held high when connected to a USB data port, which is why the noise issue is not seen when connected to a PC.\n\nYou can connect the resistor most simply to the USB module. Or to the rear of the PCB to pin 39 (Tx) and pin 12 or 32 (+3.3v) of the Propeller.\n<gallery class=\"center\" widths=250px heights=200>\nFile:IMG_20190426_213624802-wiki-tiny.png|Screen Noise Fix Solder Location\n</gallery>\n\nIf the .1uF cap (100nF) to Pin28 of the Micro Controller is required, it would be most simple to connect between Pin1 and Pin2 of the ASCII keyboard connector, and place the 'ENABLE ASCII' jumper on. This doesn't even require soldering as the user can place the cap in the IC socket. However we recommend if this fixes the issue to solder the cap in place on the rear of the PCB.\n\n==History==\nVince Briel started Briel Computers in 2003 as a result of high demand for replica 1 computers. It started out as a hobby to build a replica of a computer he could never own. Soon, Leander Kahney learned of his project and [https://www.wired.com/2002/11/rebuilding-an-apple-from-the-past/?currentPage=all wrote an article for Wired Magazine].\n\nAt the time, the replica 1 was not finished and no response came from Apple about use of Woz's code. Then Woz was kind enough to allow use of the code, thus creating another article in [https://www.wired.com/2003/09/woz-oks-apple-i-resurrection/ Wired].\n\nIn 2015 Briel Computers closed its doors and stopped accepting orders as Vince had a career change and had little time left for the hobby business.\n\nIn September 2017, Henry from ReActiveMicro contacted Vince about reproducing his kits and projects for sale to help supply the current Community demand. Vince was more than happy to see his project live on and supplied ReActiveMicro with all the files needed to start production.\n\n==Versions==\nReActiveMicro started producing Replica 1 Plus v1.0 in November of 2017. This version can be easily identified by the \"Distributed By: ReactiveMicro.com\" marking under the \"replica 1\" name in the middle top of the board. This version is a direct reproduction with no other edit or changes made.\n<gallery class=\"center\" widths=250px heights=200>\nFile:Replica_One_Plus_-_v1.0.0_-1-Wiki.jpg|Replica 1 Plus v1.0 from ReActiveMicro\n</gallery>\n\n\nHere are some past versions of the Replica 1 board by Briel Computers.\n<gallery class=\"center\" widths=250px heights=200>\nFile:Rep.1-IMG_20140527_152945_153-Wiki.jpg|Replica 1 Plus, Revision 0.\nFile:R110-Wiki.jpg|Replica 1 Ten, Limited Edition.\nFile:R110_kit-wiki.jpg|Replica 1 Ten kit, Limited Edition.\n</gallery>\n\n==CPU==\nThe Replica 1 normally comes with a 6502 CPU. The newer 65C02 can be used, however there is no benefit and the newer OpCodes will not be used unless the user calls them directly. This however is not \"standard\" and other 02 compatible software would not use the C02.\n\nThere were some bug fixes in the C02 CPU. Software could be written that exploited these bugs in the old CPU, however none are known. All of the known Apple 1 software should work fine on the C02 CPU.\n\nTo identify which CPU you have installed on your Replica 1 look at U1 located on the lower left of the PCB. If the letter \"C\" is in the middle of the part number then it's a 65C02 CPU and not a 6502 CPU.\n\n<gallery class=\"center\" widths=250px heights=200>\nFile:ReplicaOne-CPU.jpg|Replica 1 CPU Location\n</gallery>\n\n==Applesoft BASIC==\nBASIC comes in ROM. Be sure the \"ROM SEL\" jumper is ON to select Applesoft. Then type \"E000R\" and hitting the Enter key. If it fails to run then press you Caps Lock, Control, Alt, etc keys then retype and press Enter. Some keyboard don't play well with the Replica 1 and pressing these extra keys can sometimes reset the keyboard to better sync to the Replica 1.\n\n==Krusader Assembler==\n[http://school.anhb.uwa.edu.au/personalpages/kwessen/apple1/Krusader.htm KRUSADER] is a program written to allow assembly language development on the Replica 1. It is included with the current distribution from ReActiveMicro within the Integer ROM selection. Be sure the \"ROM SEL\" jumper is OFF to select Integer. Then type \"F000R\" at the prompt and press Enter to start Krusader. If it fails to run then press you Caps Lock, Control, Alt, etc keys then retype and press Enter. Some keyboard don't play well with the Replica 1 and pressing these extra keys can sometimes reset the keyboard to better sync to the Replica 1.\n\n== Learning 6502 Machine Code ==\nThe following article is a walkthrough that teaches you how to design and enter a program into memory from scratch using only the Apple 1 monitor. It is a good way to understand the coding experience of Apple 1 owners in the late 1970s.\n\n<gallery class=\"center\" widths=150px heights=80>\nFile:PDF_ICON.svg|Learn to Program an Apple 1|link=https://wiki.reactivemicro.com/images/e/ec/LearnToProgramAnApple1.pdf\n</gallery>\n\n[[Category:Hardware]]\n[[Category:Apple]]\n[[Category:ReActiveMicro Projects]]"
}
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}